Third Class Power Engineering

100 multiple-choice questions · 3 hours · 65% to pass

27 objectives · 1 lesson

• 1. Applied Mathematics
  • Elementary algebra — simple equations
    • Elementary algebra — simple equations
  • Trigonometry
  • Mensuration — areas and volumes of plane and solid figures
  • Natural and Naperian logarithms (using calculators)
• 2. Applied Mechanics
  • Applications of forces; vector diagrams
  • Friction on level surfaces
  • Linear and angular velocity and acceleration
  • Work, power and energy
  • Moments of force and simple machines; mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency
  • Stress and strain; safe working stress; yield point and ultimate strength; factor of safety
  • Bending of beams; equilibrium, shearing forces and bending moments
  • Density, specific gravity, fluid pressure and fluid flow
• 3. Thermodynamics
  • Temperature measurement units and scales
  • Expansion of solids (linear, area, volume) and liquids
  • Quantities of heat; specific heat
  • Changes of state: sensible and latent heat; mixtures of water, ice and steam; saturated and superheated steam
  • Steam tables; temperature-enthalpy charts; critical temperature and pressure; dryness fraction; equivalent evaporation; factor of evaporation
  • Methods of heat transfer: conduction, convection, radiation
  • Work and heat; mechanical equivalent of heat; laws of thermodynamics
  • Expansion and compression of gases: Boyle’s and Charles’s laws, general gas law, gas constant; isothermal, adiabatic, polytropic processes; p-v diagrams; work done in cylinders; indicated power; thermal efficiency
• 4. Applied Science
  • Basic chemistry: atomic structure, the mole and molar mass, periodic table; chemical formulae and balancing equations; acids, bases, salts; organic chemistry/hydrocarbons; industrial applications (water treatment, combustion, corrosion)
  • Metallurgy and engineering materials: ANSI/ASME metal classifications; iron and steel production; cast iron, steel and alloys; non-ferrous and non-metallic materials; corrosion principles, monitoring, prevention
  • Industrial drawings: interpret process flow diagrams, P&IDs, engineered construction drawings, equipment layout, material balance

100 multiple-choice questions · 3 hours · 65% to pass

45 objectives · 1 lesson

• 5. Industrial Legislation and Codes
  • Purpose, content and application of boiler/pressure vessel codes and regulations, including the jurisdiction’s Power Engineers’ Regulations
    • Purpose, content and application of boiler/pressure vessel codes and regulations, including the jurisdiction's Power Engineers' Regulations
  • Purpose and general content of ASME Sections I, IV, V, VI, VII, IX; CSA B51 and B52; the National Board Inspection Code
• 6. Code Calculations, ASME Section I
  • Designed thickness and allowable pressures of boiler tubes, drums, and blank dished heads (SI units)
  • Sizes and capacities of boiler safety valves
• 7. Fuels and Combustion
  • Requirements for efficient combustion; complete and incomplete combustion
  • Classification, properties and combustion characteristics of coal, fuel oil, natural gas and non-fossil fuels
  • Fuel analysis: proximate, ultimate, heat value; calorimetry
  • Combustion chemistry; combustion equations for coal, oil and gas; molar masses of products
  • Combustion calculations: oxygen, air and excess air required from a fuel analysis
  • Flue gas analysis methods and devices: CO, CO2, O2
  • Control of emission standards: NOx, SO2, particulates
• 8. Piping
  • Codes and standards for pressure piping (ASME, CSA, ASTM); sizes; B31.1 vs B31.3; power vs process piping
  • Ferrous piping materials and manufacture; specifications and service ratings; non-ferrous materials
  • Non-metallic piping: materials and applications
  • Strength of piping; effects of temperature
  • Piping connection methods: threaded, flanged, welded; gasket design, materials, selection, installation
  • Designs and applications of expansion devices, supports and anchors
  • Steam traps: types; sizing and selection; installation; inspection and maintenance; flow calculation
  • Water hammer: effects, causes, design and operational prevention
  • Insulation: purposes, materials, application, cladding, care; thermal conductivity calculations
  • Common and specialty valves: purpose, design, operation, applications; flow configurations; trim; actuators
• 9. Electrotechnology
  • DC theory: electron theory; magnetism; force on a conductor; electromagnetic induction (Faraday’s, Lenz’s laws; Fleming’s right-hand rule; self and mutual induction)
  • DC machines: generators and motors — operating principles, construction, commutation, speed control, types, protection
  • AC theory: alternating EMF; sinusoidal waveforms; phase; reactance and impedance; power and power factor; single and multi-phase circuits
  • AC machines: alternators (excitation, parallel operation, synchronizing); induction and synchronous motors; transformers (theory, losses, efficiency, cooling)
  • AC systems, switchgear and safety: industrial AC power system; generator panel; protective and switching equipment; UPS/inverter systems; electrical safety for operators
• 10. Electrical Calculations
  • Current, voltage, resistance in series and parallel; Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws; Wheatstone bridge
  • Work, energy and power: relationship between electrical, mechanical and heat units
  • Sinusoidal waveforms: maximum, average and RMS values; frequency; phase
  • AC circuits: inductive reactance, capacitive reactance, impedance, kVA, power factor
  • Relationship between poles, frequency and speed for AC machines
  • Transformer calculations: step-up and step-down
• 11. Control Instrumentation
  • Control loops and strategies: pneumatic, electric and digital systems; on-off, proportional, reset, derivative; feedforward, feedback, cascade, ratio, split-range, select; alarms and shutdowns
  • Instrument and control devices: design and principles of common temperature, pressure, flow and level instruments
  • Distributed and logic control systems: DCS components and functions; PLCs and ladder diagrams; SCADA in process control
• 12. Industrial Safety and Fire Protection
  • Safety management programs: OH&S Acts; workplace programs; hazard identification, incident investigation, PPE, work-permit systems (lock-out, confined space, hot/cold work), WHMIS, emergency response
  • Fire protection systems: classes of fire and extinguishing methods; detection and alarm; sprinkler systems; fixed fire systems (firewater pump, hydrants, deluge, foam); industrial fire response

100 multiple-choice questions · 3 hours · 65% to pass

35 objectives · 1 lesson

• 13. Boilers
  • Boiler classification: watertube designs (multi-drum bent tube, D/A/O, packaged, once-through, forced circulation, sub- vs super-critical) and special designs (fluidized bed, HRSG, black liquor, waste heat, biomass, HP/HT hot water)
    • Boiler classification: watertube designs (multi-drum bent tube, D/A/O, packaged, once-through, forced circulation, sub- vs super-critical) and special designs (fluidized bed, HRSG, black liquor, waste heat, biomass, HP/HT hot water)
  • Boiler construction: shells, drums, tubes and attachment, nozzles, headers, hand/manholes; field assembly; boiler metals
  • Boiler heat transfer components: settings and refractory, waterwalls, superheaters, reheaters, economizers, air heaters, sootblowers
  • High pressure boiler fittings: water columns and gauge glasses; safety valves and setting; low-water fuel cut-offs; non-return valves; pressure gauges, vents, blowdown valves and procedures; drum internals
  • Fuel, draft and flue gas systems: solid-fuel firing (stokers, pulverizers, ash handling); oil and gas burning equipment; draft equipment (natural/forced/induced/balanced, fans, control); flue gas clean-up
  • Boiler operation and maintenance: manual start-up/shut-down; commissioning; routine and emergency operation; furnace and pressure explosion causes/prevention; cleaning, inspection, hydrostatic test
• 14. Boiler Control Systems
  • Boiler water level control: single, two and three-element control; swell and shrinkage
  • Combustion control: control system designs; safety devices and interlocks; flame-failure detection; programmed start-up/shut-down
  • Steam temperature control: desuperheating, attemperation, gas recirculation, gas bypass, tilting burners
• 15. Feedwater Treatment
  • Feedwater impurities and their effects on boiler operation
  • External feedwater treatment: settling, coagulation/filtering, lime-soda and phosphate softening, zeolite softening, demineralization, dealkalization, mechanical deaeration, evaporation, reverse osmosis
  • Internal boiler water treatment: pH and magnetite; sludge conditioning; chemical deaeration; carryover; dissolved solids and blowdown; return-line corrosion; scale control
  • Chemical feed systems: shot and continuous feed; chemical feed pumps
  • Feedwater and boiler water testing methods: sampling, monitors, parameters and test locations
• 16. Pumps
  • Theory of pumping: head terms; head and pressure calculations; cavitation
  • Reciprocating pumps: drivers; single/double-acting; plunger and diaphragm types; protection
  • Centrifugal pumps: classification and principles (volute, diffuser, turbine, axial, mixed flow); construction and components; operation (starting, stopping, priming); installation
  • Rotary pumps: gear, lobe and screw designs
• 17. Welding Procedures and Inspection
  • Welding processes overview: metal arc, shielded arc, submerged arc, gas (TIG), MIG
  • Electrodes: classification, types and uses
  • Fabrication and repairs: weld preparation, preheating, boiler tube repair, postweld heat treatment
  • Causes and effects of common weld defects
  • Weld inspection: non-destructive and destructive examination techniques
  • Welding procedure and welder performance qualifications per ASME Section IX
• 18. Pressure Vessels
  • Design, construction, operation and repair regulation; stamping and nameplate details
  • Head, nozzle and manway designs
  • Loads and stresses on pressure vessels
  • Typical components and fittings on a pressure vessel
  • Safe operating and maintenance considerations; hydro and pneumatic testing; inspection